The answer is YES, but it will be a complicated legal issue, and if you are thinking about it you should do some serious research before acting.  In the vice versa case, most countries abroad do recognize Chinese marriages, but to get a divorce you must establish residence first for a period of time.  I was told once that if you register your marriage abroad in China, it will be a lot easier to get a divorce afterwards if the need arises.
Now, be aware, if children are involved, China has not signed the Hague Convention, which deals with custody cases and child kidnapping, so if you are granted custody by Courts abroad, China may not award you the child.

My advise would be to contact a Chinese lawyer who does divorce cases and seek his counsel in your particular situation.

In all honesty I'd suggest not asking for international divorce law on a forum full of people drinking 10 kuai baijiu.

Go to Rio, divorce is a simple ceremony, where you each say "I divorce you" three times and thats it. You're divorced. Sign the papers, done deal.