Please take your hukou ben, the requisite fees, and the requisite number of pictures, in addition to the passport form which you will complete at the local (PSB) office, to the Entry-and-Exit Department of the PSB in the city in which the hukou ben has been issued.  The entire procedure NORMALLY will take seven-to-ten working days and you may either pick up the passport at the office where you made the application or have it sent to you by EMS.  Again, there may be local variants on the procedures.

Get the passport and get the visa and leave the country are very different stories