I searched high and low for the information number but to no avail. I did, however, find this which could be useful and you could ask them for the information number:

"The service, facing to all residential customers and mobile customers, provides standardization service through community managers system,Contract system in rural areas and the hotlines with the uniform access number of "10000"."

Also in Shanghai they have an international service which provides information and was implemented during the World Expo 2010. I don't know if it is still operational:

"China Telecom recently announced the launch of an information inquiry hotline '4008882580' for international visitors in preparation for the World Expo 2010.

"We offer daily life information inquiry and booking services for the international visitors to Shanghai," a China Telecom official Interfax.

Still in its trial stage, the hotline offers 24-hour service in English and Chinese languages. The users can book taxis, and make hotel and restaurant reservations through the hotline. The hotline also provides phone numbers to the users"

114 for phone numbers of any entity. (But for specific number in other province, you have to add the provincial number to the front of it. You can also dial 114 to check what the provincial numbers are).
12580 for weather, bus rout information etc.
119 for fire fighter,
110 call the police
112 report for traffic accident

Yes, 114 seems to be the info number of choice. Actually it is quite good we I am, I have used to to find a restaurant, to finding out about bus timetables

i know in Shanghai you can dial 62798600, and they help with whatever you want and they speak English! I think its called Shanghai service centre or something but it helps foreigners with regards to any kind of information.